It's possible to excavate quickly without ore sorter or trucks by constantly unassigning/re-assigning excavators to the mining tower.
The excavators' buckets are emptied when the excavator is unassigned from the tower (or asked to drive manually somewhere). The emptying happens without any unity cost and the material is teleported to the nearest available storage (or the shipyard). Though tedious, it's the optimal way to dig, considering no ore sorting plants or trucks are needed, at all. It could be considered a cheat when considering achievements.
I can see a few ways to fix this, for example by never emptying the buckets, or, if emptying is necessary, give an alert and force the player to empty the bucket using Unity (currently not necessary or possible for excavators).

